Module+Assignments

__**MODULE 3**__ Hello class! My name is Tyler Ross and I'm currently a junior at UCF. My Wiki is about the Mayans and the technology they invented and used. I find this topic to be interesting because I've always wondered how the Mayans were as successful as they were. This was largely due to the inventions and new techniques they used to create large architecture, systems of learning, and regulate control of resources. The Maya were an important civilization that came up with many of the systems and "gadgets" we base ours off of today. I hope you guys find this topic to be as interesting as I do. Feel free to share your thoughts!

Here is a website with links to some of the inventions and technologies that the Mayans came up with, including their calendar! []
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__**MODULE 6**__ Here is a list of several links to various topics that have to do with Mayan technology:

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A big part of Mayan technology involves the things they invented. Along with tangible artifacts, they invented new sciences and came up with ways to record time and build their magnificent pyramids. The point of my wiki is to explain what these technologies are, how they came about, and how they affected Mayan culture, as well as how they affect our culture today.
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Brainstorming Ideas:
 * Mayan Calendar
 * Mathematics
 * Concrete and Cement
 * Building Techniques
 * Tools/Tool Technology

__**MODULE 8**__ "The floodplains along the Nile constitute an important but as yet little utilized series of laboratories for the comparative study of the origins and interaction of ancient civilizations."

Kerma: The Rise of an African Civilization,” Bruce G. Trigger, __ The International Journal of African Historical Studies __, Vol. 9, No. 1. (1976), pp. 1-21

__**MODULE 9**__ //Maya Archaeology//

Gordon R. Willey

Science New Series, Vol. 215, No. 4530 (Jan. 15, 1982), pp. 260-267 Published by: __[|American Association for the Advancement of Science]__

Stable URL: []

__**MODULE 10**__ In order for the Mayans to be as successful as they were with calculating their calendars and astronomy predictions, they needed to have some form of arithmetic. The Mayan number system is one of the earliest advanced number systems of our world's prehistory. It was a base twenty system, meaning the number "20" was a like a standard unit. The reason the number 20 is the base number is due to the ancient people counting on both their fingers and their toes. They were the first people to make a symbol for the number "0" and give it any significant value.

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In order for the Mayans to be as successful as they were with calculating their calendars and astronomy predictions, they needed to have some form of arithmetic. The Mayan number system is one of the earliest advanced number systems of our world's prehistory. It was a vigesimal system, or a based twenty system, meaning the number "20" was like a standard unit. The reason the number 20 is the base number is due to the ancient people counting on both their fingers and their toes. They were the first people to make a symbol for the number "0" and give it any significant value. Our system today is a decimal system which increases in value from right to left with a base of ten. We adopted this system from the Hindus. The Mayan system increases from top to bottom and in vertical columns and is vigesimal. This means the first and lowest place has a value of one, the next place a value of twenty, the next 400, then 1600, and so on.

__**MODULE 12**__ The Mayan temples at Tikal. Great organization, leadership, and TECHNOLOGY was required to build these long-lasting pyramids.

__**MODULE 13**__ Jon C. Lohse

//Archaic Origins of the Lowland Maya// __Publisher__: Latin American Antiquity. __Volume__: 21:3 __Date Published__: September, 2010 __Page__: 312:352  Direct Link to Article: [|Archaic Origins of the Lowland Maya]  There is a lot of information in the above article but what I really like about it is the amount of information pertaining to the Mayan tool technology. It discusses what they used as far as stone tools go, and how they used them. The article in its entirety discusses the earlier, more prehistoric history of the Maya in parts of Belize. It describes the shape and size of the stone tools that were discovered in Northern parts of Belize. Small bifaced arrow heads and other clovis point stones were recovered and have been studied to determine how the Maya accomplished everyday routines.

__**MODULE 14**__ Rafael Lara-Alecio, Beverly J. Irby, and Leonel Morales-Aldana

//A Mathematics Lesson from the Maya// __Publisher__: Teaching Children Mathematics __Date Published__: November 1998 __Volume__: 5:3 __Page__: 154-159

Direct Link to Article: []

I personally loved this article. There was so much useful information in such a small publication. The article is easy to read and really sums up how the Mayan number system worked. It includes helpful graphics which I have used in my Wiki. The article in its entirety talks about what the title says, a mathematical lesson. It taught me what the lines and dots mean on the number system, how to count using them, and their significance. It describes a little bit what a base twenty system is and how it was efficient to the Maya.